{
 "topic": "blasphemy",
 "label": "Blasphemy Laws",
 "lastGenerated": "2026-09-18T08:21:29.577790+00:00",
 "sourcesCheckedAt": "2026-09-17T21:39:34.647030+00:00",
 "promptVersion": "5",
 "model": "hf.co/unsloth/Qwen3.8-27B-GGUF:UD-Q4_K_M",
 "statuses": [
  {
   "id": "death_penalty",
   "label": "Death penalty possible",
   "color": "#b91c1c"
  },
  {
   "id": "illegal",
   "label": "Criminal offense",
   "color": "#ef4444"
  },
  {
   "id": "fines_civil",
   "label": "Fines / civil penalties",
   "color": "#fbbf24"
  },
  {
   "id": "no_law",
   "label": "No blasphemy law",
   "color": "#22c55e"
  },
  {
   "id": "varies",
   "label": "Varies by region",
   "color": "#8b5cf6"
  },
  {
   "id": "unknown",
   "label": "Unknown / Insufficient data",
   "color": "#d1d5db"
  }
 ],
 "countries": {
  "AFG": {
   "status": "death_penalty",
   "summary": "Blasphemy is prohibited under Sharia and can be punished by execution, with arrests occurring since 2021.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 2021,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "ARE": {
   "status": "illegal",
   "summary": "Blasphemy is a criminal offense punishable by a minimum one-year jail sentence or a fine.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": null,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "AUS": {
   "status": "varies",
   "summary": "Blasphemy is a common law offence in some states but abolished in others.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 1995,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "AUT": {
   "status": "illegal",
   "summary": "Blasphemy is a criminal offense punishable by fine or imprisonment.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 2018,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "BGD": {
   "status": "illegal",
   "summary": "Blasphemy is forbidden by penal code provisions prohibiting the hurting of religious sentiments.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 2013,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "BRA": {
   "status": "illegal",
   "summary": "Publicly vilifying religious worship is a crime punishable by prison or fine.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": null,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "CAN": {
   "status": "no_law",
   "summary": "Blasphemous libel was repealed from the Criminal Code in 2018, removing the criminal offense.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 2018,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "CHE": {
   "status": "fines_civil",
   "summary": "Switzerland criminalizes malicious insults to religious convictions with a monetary penalty.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": null,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "CHN": {
   "status": "unknown",
   "summary": "The evidence describes censorship and arrests but does not explicitly define a specific blasphemy statute.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": null,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "low",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "CYP": {
   "status": "illegal",
   "summary": "Criminal law prohibits wounding religious feelings and insulting religions.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": null,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "DEU": {
   "status": "illegal",
   "summary": "Defamation of religious convictions is a criminal offense punishable by fine or prison.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 2006,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "DNK": {
   "status": "illegal",
   "summary": "Blasphemy laws were reinstated in 2023 banning improper treatment of religious writings.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 2023,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "DZA": {
   "status": "illegal",
   "summary": "Blasphemy is a criminal offense punishable by up to five years of imprisonment and a fine.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": null,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "EGY": {
   "status": "unknown",
   "summary": "The evidence cites the penal code article but does not specify the current penalty or legal status.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": null,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "low",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "ESP": {
   "status": "fines_civil",
   "summary": "Spain's blasphemy law was removed, leaving only civil penalties for vilifying religious feelings.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 2018,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "FIN": {
   "status": "illegal",
   "summary": "Blasphemy is prohibited and punishable by fine or imprisonment.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": null,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "FRA": {
   "status": "no_law",
   "summary": "The remaining blasphemy law in Alsace-Moselle was repealed in 2016, leaving no active blasphemy laws.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 2016,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "GBR": {
   "status": "varies",
   "summary": "Blasphemy is abolished in England, Wales, and Scotland, but remains a common law offence in Northern Ireland.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 2024,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "GRC": {
   "status": "no_law",
   "summary": "The new Criminal Code effective July 2019 removed blasphemy offenses, ending the ban.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 2019,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "IDN": {
   "status": "illegal",
   "summary": "Blasphemy is a criminal offense under Article 156(a) punishable by up to five years of imprisonment.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": null,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "IND": {
   "status": "illegal",
   "summary": "Blasphemy is a criminal offense in India under Section 295A of the Penal Code.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 2015,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "IRL": {
   "status": "no_law",
   "summary": "The blasphemy offence was removed by referendum in 2018 and repealed in 2020.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": null,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "high",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "manual"
  },
  "IRN": {
   "status": "unknown",
   "summary": "The evidence states the law derives from Sharia but does not specify the current penalty or status.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": null,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "low",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "ISL": {
   "status": "no_law",
   "summary": "Iceland repealed its blasphemy law in 2015, making blasphemy no longer a criminal offense.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 2015,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "ISR": {
   "status": "illegal",
   "summary": "Blasphemy is a criminal offense in Israel punishable by up to three years imprisonment under the penal code.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 1997,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "ITA": {
   "status": "fines_civil",
   "summary": "Italy decriminalized blasphemy in 1999, leaving only administrative fines for public blasphemy.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 1999,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "JOR": {
   "status": "illegal",
   "summary": "Blasphemy is a criminal offense punishable by imprisonment for up to three years.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": null,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "KWT": {
   "status": "illegal",
   "summary": "Kuwait criminalizes insulting religious figures with imprisonment and fines under cybercrime laws.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 2015,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "MLT": {
   "status": "no_law",
   "summary": "Malta repealed its laws against vilification of religion in 2016, removing blasphemy offenses.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 2016,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "MMR": {
   "status": "illegal",
   "summary": "Blasphemy is a criminal offense in Myanmar under Section 295A of the Penal Code.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 2015,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "MNE": {
   "status": "illegal",
   "summary": "Montenegro's criminal code prohibits mockery of religious symbols, which can be interpreted as blasphemy.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 2003,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "MRT": {
   "status": "death_penalty",
   "summary": "Apostasy, defined as an act of indecency toward Islam, carries the death penalty.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 1983,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "MYS": {
   "status": "illegal",
   "summary": "Malaysia criminalizes blasphemy through the Penal Code and state Sharia courts.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": null,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "NGA": {
   "status": "illegal",
   "summary": "Blasphemy is a criminal offense under the Criminal Code and Sharia law in some states.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": null,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "NLD": {
   "status": "no_law",
   "summary": "The Dutch blasphemy law was formally abolished on 1 February 2014.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 2014,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "NOR": {
   "status": "no_law",
   "summary": "Norway's blasphemy law was removed from the penal code effective October 2015.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 2015,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "NPL": {
   "status": "illegal",
   "summary": "Nepal's 2017 criminal code criminalizes hurting religious sentiment with up to two years imprisonment.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 2018,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "NZL": {
   "status": "no_law",
   "summary": "The crime of blasphemous libel was repealed and the repeal came into force in 2019.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 2019,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "PAK": {
   "status": "death_penalty",
   "summary": "Blasphemy is a criminal offense in Pakistan that can carry the death penalty.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 2017,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "PHL": {
   "status": "illegal",
   "summary": "The Philippines criminalizes offending religious feelings with imprisonment penalties under the Revised Penal Code.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 1930,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "POL": {
   "status": "illegal",
   "summary": "Poland criminalizes insulting religious feelings with fines or imprisonment up to two years.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 2022,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "PSE": {
   "status": "illegal",
   "summary": "Blasphemy is criminalized under civil and military laws, leading to imprisonment.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 2010,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "QAT": {
   "status": "illegal",
   "summary": "Blasphemy is a criminal offense punishable by up to seven years in prison.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": null,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "ROU": {
   "status": "no_law",
   "summary": "Romania has no active blasphemy laws, though civil fines for religious intolerance exist.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 2011,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "RUS": {
   "status": "illegal",
   "summary": "Russia criminalizes public actions offending religious feelings with potential prison sentences.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 2013,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "SAU": {
   "status": "death_penalty",
   "summary": "Blasphemy is a criminal offense punishable by penalties up to the death penalty.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": null,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "SDN": {
   "status": "illegal",
   "summary": "Blasphemy remains a criminal offense punishable by imprisonment, fines, and lashes.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 2020,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "SLV": {
   "status": "illegal",
   "summary": "Insulting religion is a crime punishable by imprisonment.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": null,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "SWE": {
   "status": "no_law",
   "summary": "Sweden has no specific blasphemy law, though agitation against religious groups is criminalized.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 2023,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "SYC": {
   "status": "illegal",
   "summary": "Seychelles criminalizes wounding religious feelings with a penalty of one year imprisonment.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": null,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "THA": {
   "status": "illegal",
   "summary": "Thailand's penal code and Sangha Act criminalize insults to religion with imprisonment penalties.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": null,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "TUR": {
   "status": "illegal",
   "summary": "Blasphemy is a criminal offense in Turkey punishable by imprisonment under Article 216.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 2015,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "TUV": {
   "status": "illegal",
   "summary": "Tuvalu criminalizes wounding religious feelings with a penalty of one year imprisonment.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": null,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "TZA": {
   "status": "varies",
   "summary": "Mainland Tanzania has no specific blasphemy law, while Zanzibar criminalizes sacrilege and religious insult.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 2012,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "USA": {
   "status": "no_law",
   "summary": "Blasphemy is not a crime in the United States due to First Amendment protections.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 2018,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "YEM": {
   "status": "death_penalty",
   "summary": "Sharia law in Yemen prescribes death as the punishment for blasphemy according to some interpretations.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": null,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "ZAF": {
   "status": "fines_civil",
   "summary": "Blasphemy is a common law offence, but hate speech protections only carry civil penalties.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blasphemy_law"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 2000,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  }
 }
}