{
 "topic": "jury-trials",
 "label": "Jury Trials",
 "lastGenerated": "2026-09-18T08:23:40.086515+00:00",
 "sourcesCheckedAt": "2026-09-17T21:52:14.840838+00:00",
 "promptVersion": "5",
 "model": "hf.co/unsloth/Qwen3.8-27B-GGUF:UD-Q4_K_M",
 "statuses": [
  {
   "id": "used",
   "label": "Jury trials used",
   "color": "#22c55e"
  },
  {
   "id": "limited",
   "label": "Limited use / mixed courts",
   "color": "#fbbf24"
  },
  {
   "id": "not_used",
   "label": "Not used",
   "color": "#ef4444"
  },
  {
   "id": "unknown",
   "label": "Unknown / Insufficient data",
   "color": "#d1d5db"
  }
 ],
 "countries": {
  "ARG": {
   "status": "limited",
   "summary": "Argentina has a jury system specifically for serious criminal cases since November 2015.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jury_trial"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 2015,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "AUS": {
   "status": "used",
   "summary": "Jury trials are constitutionally mandated for Commonwealth criminal indictments and have been a regular part of the justice system since the 19th century.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jury_trial"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 1824,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "AUT": {
   "status": "limited",
   "summary": "Austria retains jury elements only for serious criminal cases, indicating a limited application.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jury_trial"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": null,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "BEL": {
   "status": "limited",
   "summary": "Belgium uses juries only for specific serious crimes, political crimes, and press delicts via the Court of Assize.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jury_trial"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": null,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "BRA": {
   "status": "limited",
   "summary": "Jury trials in Brazil are restricted to intentional crimes against life.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jury_trial"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": null,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "CAN": {
   "status": "used",
   "summary": "Canada guarantees a constitutional right to jury trials for serious crimes and most indictable offences.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jury_trial"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": null,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "CHE": {
   "status": "not_used",
   "summary": "The unified Swiss Code of Criminal Procedure entering into force in 2011 abolishes jury trials and lay judges.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jury_trial"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 2011,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "DEU": {
   "status": "not_used",
   "summary": "Jury trials were abolished in 1924; serious cases are heard by mixed panels of professional and lay judges.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jury_trial"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": null,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "high",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "manual"
  },
  "FRA": {
   "status": "limited",
   "summary": "Juries sit with professional judges to determine guilt and penalty, indicating a limited role in the justice system.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jury_trial"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": null,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "GBR": {
   "status": "used",
   "summary": "Jury trials are a regular part of the justice system in the United Kingdom's legal jurisdictions.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jury_trial"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": null,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "GIB": {
   "status": "used",
   "summary": "Gibraltar retains jury trials as a regular part of its common law justice system.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jury_trial"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": null,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "GRC": {
   "status": "not_used",
   "summary": "The evidence describes the historical jury system of Ancient Athens, implying it is not a current legal institution.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jury_trial"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": null,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "HKG": {
   "status": "used",
   "summary": "Jury trials are a regular part of the criminal and some civil justice system, though subject to national security exceptions.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jury_trial"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 1997,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "HUN": {
   "status": "limited",
   "summary": "Hungary uses a mixed court system with lay judges participating in panels for specified cases.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jury_trial"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 1949,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "IND": {
   "status": "not_used",
   "summary": "Jury trials were abolished in criminal law in 1973, with only a specific civil exception for Parsi divorce cases.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jury_trial"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 1973,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "IRL": {
   "status": "used",
   "summary": "Jury trials are a standard feature of the criminal justice system and specific civil defamation cases.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jury_trial"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 2008,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "ITA": {
   "status": "limited",
   "summary": "Juries are used only for specific serious crimes in mixed courts.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jury_trial"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": null,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "JPN": {
   "status": "limited",
   "summary": "Lay judges participate in criminal trials for certain severe crimes alongside professional judges.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jury_trial"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 2009,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "KOR": {
   "status": "limited",
   "summary": "Citizen participation trials are available for specific criminal cases but are not the default for all proceedings.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jury_trial"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 2008,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "MYS": {
   "status": "not_used",
   "summary": "Jury trials were abolished nationwide in 1995.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jury_trial"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 1995,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "NOR": {
   "status": "not_used",
   "summary": "Jury trials were fully replaced by bench trials with lay judges in March 2021.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jury_trial"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 2021,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "NZL": {
   "status": "used",
   "summary": "Jury trials are a standard right for serious criminal offences and specific civil cases.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jury_trial"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 2009,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "RUS": {
   "status": "unknown",
   "summary": "The evidence describes the historical judicial reform of Alexander II but provides no information on the current status of jury trials.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jury_trial"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": null,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "low",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "SGP": {
   "status": "not_used",
   "summary": "The jury system was fully abolished in 1969.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jury_trial"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 1969,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "SWE": {
   "status": "limited",
   "summary": "Jury trials are only available for specific offences against freedom of expression and press laws.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jury_trial"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 2012,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "TWN": {
   "status": "limited",
   "summary": "Citizen judges participate alongside professional judges in certain felony cases under the Citizen Judges Act.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jury_trial"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 2023,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "UKR": {
   "status": "limited",
   "summary": "Jury trials are available only for criminal cases where the sentence can reach life imprisonment.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jury_trial"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": null,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "USA": {
   "status": "used",
   "summary": "Jury trials are a fundamental constitutional right for criminal cases and are widely used in civil matters.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jury_trial"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 1978,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  },
  "ZAF": {
   "status": "not_used",
   "summary": "Jury trials were abolished in 1969 and are not currently used in the South African justice system.",
   "notes": null,
   "sources": [
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jury_trial"
   ],
   "lastUpdated": 1969,
   "hasSubnational": false,
   "confidence": "medium",
   "needsReview": false,
   "method": "llm"
  }
 }
}